The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) is a UN agency that operates for the benefit of Palestinian refugees.
Having been founded in 1949, UNRWA is the only UN refugee agency dedicated to a specific area and refugee crisis.
The organization continues to operate in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, providing humanitarian aid and education for Palestinians.
However, UNRWA has also come under fire for a number of controversies, such as those who claim it creates dependency rather than resettling refugees and others who claim it promotes antisemitism and incitement against Israel in its educational programs.
Of the initial 12 accused by Israel, UNRWA fired 10 people and said the remaining two are dead. It was not immediately clear how they died.
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“Hamas has infiltrated UNRWA so deeply that it is no longer possible to determine where UNRWA ends and where Hamas begins,” said Foreign Minister Israel Katz.
The report, which could prompt some donors to review funding freezes, also said Israel had yet to provide supporting evidence for its claim against the agency.
"In the north, infants and young children have begun to die of malnutrition and dehydration," he said.
The CMI's researchers allegedly have strong connections with UNRWA, have worked to justify the October 7 attacks, have pro-Palestinian agendas, and have even interviewed Hamas and PIJ members.
The agency said staff members had said they were subjected to beatings and treatment.
Amid calls to replace UNRWA with a new organization to assist Palestinian civilians, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres launched a campaign to whitewash UNRWA's crimes on October 7th.
The UNRWA seeks answers on IDF actions in East Jerusalem; Ben-Gvir refuses to acknowledge the demand.